Adultização Infantil e Regulação Digital: Uma Análise do Debate sobre a Lei nº 15.211/2025 no YouTube
Resumo
The public controversy surrounding child adultification and digital regulation gained major visibility in Brazil after the viral repercussion of Law No. 15.211/2025, popularly known as the “Lei Felca”. Although prior studies have examined child exposure, platform risks, and engagement dynamics in digital media, we still know little about how a recent and socially sensitive controversy is structured, circulated, and contested within large-scale audiovisual platforms. In this paper, we present a large-scale computational analysis of YouTube videos and comments discussing child adultification and the so-called Lei Felca. Our approach combines validated automatic transcriptions, metadata collection, topic modeling, sentiment classification, and linguistic analysis to examine how creators frame the debate, how audiences react to these frames, and how different publication formats shape visibility and interaction. The results show that the controversy is organized around distinct thematic frames, such as regulation, child exploitation, privacy, games, and political polarization, which are associated with different audience responses. We also find that traditional videos and YouTube Shorts play different roles in the platform ecology: long-form videos concentrate more technical, argumentative, and interactionintensive discussion, whereas Shorts favor rapid diffusion and visibility, but with limited conversion into effective debate. Finally, linguistic analyses reveal systematic adaptations in both creators’ discourse and audience comments according to topic, format, and polarization. Taken together, these findings show that YouTube is not merely a neutral host of this controversy, but an active environment that shapes how it is framed, amplified, and publicly negotiated.
Palavras-chave:
Child Adultification, YouTube, Public Controversy, Short-form Video, Natural Language Processing
Referências
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Giulia Casagrande Bonilha, Celso Taques Saldanha, Alberto Stoessel Sadalla Peres, Rafael Pimentel Saldanha, Julia Keiko Kofuji, Ana Júlia Loubet da Costa Cardoso, Ryllare Tawane Dourado Barros, Ana Karoline Lima do Nascimento, Rebeca Soares Silva, and Maria Eduarda Benevides dos Anjos. 2025. Adultização precoce: revisão narrativa crítica de um fenômeno multifatorial na infância e adolescência. ARACÊ 7, 10 (2025), e8774–e8774.
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Kamil Kopecky, Rene Szotkowski, Inmaculada Aznar-Díaz, and José-María Romero-Rodríguez. 2020. The phenomenon of sharenting and its risks in the online environment. Experiences from Czech Republic and Spain. Children and Youth Services Review 110 (2020), 104812. DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104812
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Sonia Livingstone, Kjartan Ólafsson, and Elisabeth Staksrud. 2011. Social networking, age and privacy.
Victor Martins, Sophia Serafim, Lívia Pereira, Amanda Alves, Carlos Ferreira, and Jussara Almeida. 2025. A Misoginia no YouTube Brasileiro: Um Estudo de Caso sobre o Conteúdo Produzido pela Comunidade Red Pill. In Proceedings of the 31st Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (Rio de Janeiro/RJ). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 28–37. DOI: 10.5753/webmedia.2025.16070
Patrick E McKight and Julius Najab. 2010. Kruskal-wallis test. The corsini encyclopedia of psychology (2010), 1–1.
David Mimno, Hanna Wallach, Edmund Talley, Miriam Leenders, and Andrew McCallum. 2011. Optimizing semantic coherence in topic models. In Proc. EMNLP ’11.
Gaëlle Ouvrein and Karen Verswijvel. 2019. Sharenting: Parental adoration or public humiliation? A focus group study on adolescents’ experiences with sharenting against the background of their own impression management. Children and Youth Services Review 99 (2019), 319–327. DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.02.011
Kostantinos Papadamou, Antonis Papasavva, Savvas Zannettou, Jeremy Blackburn, Nicolas Kourtellis, Ilias Leontiadis, Gianluca Stringhini, and Michael Sirivianos. 2020. Disturbed YouTube for kids: Characterizing and detecting inappropriate videos targeting young children. In Proceedings of the international AAAI conference on web and social media, Vol. 14. 522–533.
M. Park, M. Naaman, and J. Berger. 2021. A Data-Driven Study of View Duration on YouTube. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 10, 1 (2021), 651–654. DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v10i1.14781
Aakash Parmar, Rakesh Katariya, and Vatsal Patel. 2018. A review on random forest: An ensemble classifier. In International conference on intelligent data communication technologies and internet of things. Springer, 758–763.
Antônio Pereira, Felipe Viegas, Diego Roberto Colombo Dias, Elisa Tuler, Ana Cláudia Machado, Guilherme Fonseca, Marcos André Gonçalves, and Leonardo Rocha. 2025. “Are the current topic modeling evaluation metrics enough?” Mitigating the limitations of topic modeling evaluation metrics using a multiperspective game theoretic approach. Knowledge-Based Systems 320 (2025), 113634. DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2025.113634
Antônio Pereira, Felipe Viegas, Marcos André Gonçalves, and Leonardo Rocha. 2023. Evaluating the Limits of the Current Evaluation Metrics for Topic Modeling. In Proceedings of the 29th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia ’23). 119–127. DOI: 10.1145/3617023.3617040
Gabriel Prenassi, Ana Machado, Ester Souza, Mateus Brito, Davi Reis, Jessica Costa, Geovana Oliveira, Carlos Ferreira, and Leonardo Rocha. 2025. Narrativas de Jogos de Azar em Plataformas de Vídeo: Um Estudo Linguístico-Temático sobre o jogo do Tigrinho no YouTube. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 366–375.
L.E. Raileanu and K. Stoffel. 2004. Theoretical Comparison between the Gini Index and Information Gain Criteria. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence 41 (2004), 77–93. DOI: 10.1023/B:AMAI.0000018580.96245.c6
Melanie Revilla and Carlos Ochoa. 2017. Ideal and maximum length for a web survey. International Journal of Market Research 59, 5 (2017), 557–565.
Manoel Horta Ribeiro, Raphael Ottoni, Robert West, Virgílio A. F. Almeida, and Wagner Meira Jr. 2019. Auditing Radicalization Pathways on YouTube. CoRR abs/1908.08313 (2019). arXiv:1908.08313 [link]
Peter J Rousseeuw. 1987. Silhouettes: a graphical aid to the interpretation and validation of cluster analysis. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 20 (1987).
Miriam Schirmer, Angelina Voggenreiter, and Jürgen Pfeffer. 2024. More Skin, More Likes! Measuring Child Exposure and User Engagement on TikTok. arXiv:2408.05622 [cs.CY] [link]
Miriam Schirmer, Angelina Voggenreiter, Jürgen Pfeffer, and Agnes Horvat. 2025. Detecting child objectification on social media: Challenges in language modeling. In Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH). 396–412.
Cristian A. Silva and Daniel M. Barbosa. 2019. Analyzing the Acceptance of the 2018 Brazilian Presidential Election’ Main Candidates Based on YouTube Comments. In Proceedings of the 25th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (Rio de Janeiro). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 377–384. [link]
Alethea Sommer, Angélica Sassi, Bruna Nardon, Márcio Von Diemen, Rafaela Kunrath, Greice Carvalho, and Henrique Alexander Keske. 2026. ACELERANDO A INFÂNCIA NO MEIO DIGITAL: IMPACTOS PSICOLÓGICOS DA ADULTIZAÇÃO EM CRIANÇAS. Periódicos Brasil. Pesquisa Científica 5, 2 (2026), 920–942.
Fábio Souza, Rodrigo Nogueira, and Roberto Lotufo. 2020. BERTimbau: pretrained BERT models for Brazilian Portuguese. In Brazilian conference on intelligent systems. Springer, 403–417.
Di "Chelsea"Sun, Vaishnavi Melkote, and Ahmed Sabbir Arif. 2020. Exploratory study of young children’s social media needs and requirements. In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Interaction Design and Children Conference: Extended Abstracts (London, United Kingdom) (IDC ’20). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 332–337. DOI: 10.1145/3397617.3397836
Richardy Tanure, Aline Dias, Lucas Camelo, Jussara Almeida, Helen Lima, and Carlos Ferreira. 2025. Caracterização do debate online sobre cigarro eletrônico no Brasil: Uma análise de tópicos de discussão no YouTube. In Anais do XIV Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining (Maceió/AL). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 54–64. DOI: 10.5753/brasnam.2025.8544
Alper Kursat Uysal and Serkan Gunal. 2014. The impact of preprocessing on text classification. Information processing & management 50, 1 (2014), 104–112.
Karen Verswijvel, Michel Walrave, Kris Hardies, and Wannes Heirman. 2019. Sharenting, is it a good or a bad thing? Understanding how adolescents think and feel about sharenting on social network sites. Children and Youth Services Review 104 (2019), 104401. DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104401
Caroline Violot, Tuğrulcan Elmas, Igor Bilogrevic, and Mathias Humbert. 2024. Shorts vs. Regular Videos on YouTube: A Comparative Analysis of User Engagement and Content Creation Trends. In Proceedings of the 16th ACM Web Science Conference (Stuttgart, Germany) (WEBSCI ’24). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 213–223. DOI: 10.1145/3614419.3644023
Nahathai Wongpakaran, Tinakon Wongpakaran, Danny Wedding, and Kilem L Gwet. 2013. A comparison of Cohen’s Kappa and Gwet’s AC1 when calculating inter-rater reliability coefficients: a study conducted with personality disorder samples. BMC medical research methodology 13, 1 (2013), 61.
Niloofar Yousefi, Mert Can Cakmak, and Nitin Agarwal. 2024. Examining Multimodel Emotion Assessment and Resonance with Audience on YouTube. In Proceedings of the 2024 9th International Conference on Multimedia and Image Processing (Osaka, Japan) (ICMIP ’24). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 85–93. DOI: 10.1145/3665026.3665039
Ye Yuan, Liji Wu, and Xiangmin Zhang. 2021. Gini-Impurity Index Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 16 (2021), 3154–3169.
Mariana Arantes, Flavio Figueiredo, and Jussara M Almeida. 2016. Understanding video-ad consumption on YouTube: a measurement study on user behavior, popularity, and content properties. In ACM Conference on Web Science.
Encarnación Ayala and Verónica Cala. 2022. TikTok and Child Hypersexualization: Analysis of Videos and Narratives of Minors. American Journal of Sexuality Education (07 2022). DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2096734
Giulia Casagrande Bonilha, Celso Taques Saldanha, Alberto Stoessel Sadalla Peres, Rafael Pimentel Saldanha, Julia Keiko Kofuji, Ana Júlia Loubet da Costa Cardoso, Ryllare Tawane Dourado Barros, Ana Karoline Lima do Nascimento, Rebeca Soares Silva, and Maria Eduarda Benevides dos Anjos. 2025. Adultização precoce: revisão narrativa crítica de um fenômeno multifatorial na infância e adolescência. ARACÊ 7, 10 (2025), e8774–e8774.
Ana Luiza Bornia Carbonieri, Maria Eloisa Benevides da Silva, and Thiago Silva Prado. 2025. Adultização infantil no Brasil e o trabalho de menores nas redes sociais digitais. Aurum Editora (2025), 130–141.
Raíssa Carvalho and Humberto Marques-Neto. 2024. Crianças e Propagandas no TikTok: identificando publicidade infantil na rede social TikTok. In Proceedings of the 30th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (Juiz de Fora/MG). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 98–105. DOI: 10.5753/webmedia.2024.242912
Steven Coats. 2023. A pipeline for the large-scale acoustic analysis of streamed content. In International Conference on CMC and Social Media Corpora for the Humanities (CMC-Corpora 2023).
Aline Dias, Richardy Tanure, Jussara Almeida, Helen Lima, and Carlos Ferreira. 2024. Análise da Percepção do Uso de Cigarros Eletrônicos no Brasil por meio de Comentários no YouTube. In Proceedings of the 30th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (Juiz de Fora/MG). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 45–53. DOI: 10.5753/webmedia.2024.241958
Adji B Dieng, Francisco JR Ruiz, and David M Blei. 2020. Topic modeling in embedding spaces. Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 8 (2020).
Tom Divon, Taylor Annabell, and Catalina Goanta. 2025. Children as concealed commodities: Ethnographic nuances and legal implications of kidfluencers’ monetisation on TikTok. New Media Society 28 (01 2025), 1190–1218. DOI: 10.1177/14614448241304657
Ritika Gairola, Colin M Gray, Jingxin Dong, Kyung Jin Jeong, Ege Otenen, and Juan J Sarria. 2026. "Social Media Killed Our Generation": Teenagers’ Felt Experiences of Harm on Social Media. In Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1–15.
Lucas Rafael Stefanel Gris, Ricardo Marcacini, Arnaldo Candido Junior, Edresson Casanova, Anderson Soares, and Sandra Maria Aluísio. 2023. Evaluating OpenAI’s Whisper ASR for Punctuation Prediction and Topic Modeling of life histories of the Museum of the Person. arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.14580 (2023).
Maarten Grootendorst. 2024. BERTopic - Parameter Tuning. [link] Accessed: July 2025.
Eslam Hussein, Prerna Juneja, and Tanushree Mitra. 2020. Measuring misinformation in video search platforms: An audit study on YouTube. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (2020).
IBOPE. 2023. Video Audience Share Percentage in Brazil. [link].
Kamil Kopecky, Rene Szotkowski, Inmaculada Aznar-Díaz, and José-María Romero-Rodríguez. 2020. The phenomenon of sharenting and its risks in the online environment. Experiences from Czech Republic and Spain. Children and Youth Services Review 110 (2020), 104812. DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104812
Bruce W. Lee and Jason Lee. 2023. LFTK: Handcrafted Features in Computational Linguistics. (July 2023), 1–19. [link]
REGINALDO SOARES DE SOUSA LIMA. 2025. Vulnerabilidade digital e riscos da adultização de menores em plataformas de mídia social. Periódicos Brasil. Pesquisa Científica 4, 2 (2025), 321–331.
Sonia Livingstone, Kjartan Ólafsson, and Elisabeth Staksrud. 2011. Social networking, age and privacy.
Victor Martins, Sophia Serafim, Lívia Pereira, Amanda Alves, Carlos Ferreira, and Jussara Almeida. 2025. A Misoginia no YouTube Brasileiro: Um Estudo de Caso sobre o Conteúdo Produzido pela Comunidade Red Pill. In Proceedings of the 31st Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (Rio de Janeiro/RJ). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 28–37. DOI: 10.5753/webmedia.2025.16070
Patrick E McKight and Julius Najab. 2010. Kruskal-wallis test. The corsini encyclopedia of psychology (2010), 1–1.
David Mimno, Hanna Wallach, Edmund Talley, Miriam Leenders, and Andrew McCallum. 2011. Optimizing semantic coherence in topic models. In Proc. EMNLP ’11.
Gaëlle Ouvrein and Karen Verswijvel. 2019. Sharenting: Parental adoration or public humiliation? A focus group study on adolescents’ experiences with sharenting against the background of their own impression management. Children and Youth Services Review 99 (2019), 319–327. DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.02.011
Kostantinos Papadamou, Antonis Papasavva, Savvas Zannettou, Jeremy Blackburn, Nicolas Kourtellis, Ilias Leontiadis, Gianluca Stringhini, and Michael Sirivianos. 2020. Disturbed YouTube for kids: Characterizing and detecting inappropriate videos targeting young children. In Proceedings of the international AAAI conference on web and social media, Vol. 14. 522–533.
M. Park, M. Naaman, and J. Berger. 2021. A Data-Driven Study of View Duration on YouTube. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 10, 1 (2021), 651–654. DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v10i1.14781
Aakash Parmar, Rakesh Katariya, and Vatsal Patel. 2018. A review on random forest: An ensemble classifier. In International conference on intelligent data communication technologies and internet of things. Springer, 758–763.
Antônio Pereira, Felipe Viegas, Diego Roberto Colombo Dias, Elisa Tuler, Ana Cláudia Machado, Guilherme Fonseca, Marcos André Gonçalves, and Leonardo Rocha. 2025. “Are the current topic modeling evaluation metrics enough?” Mitigating the limitations of topic modeling evaluation metrics using a multiperspective game theoretic approach. Knowledge-Based Systems 320 (2025), 113634. DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2025.113634
Antônio Pereira, Felipe Viegas, Marcos André Gonçalves, and Leonardo Rocha. 2023. Evaluating the Limits of the Current Evaluation Metrics for Topic Modeling. In Proceedings of the 29th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia ’23). 119–127. DOI: 10.1145/3617023.3617040
Gabriel Prenassi, Ana Machado, Ester Souza, Mateus Brito, Davi Reis, Jessica Costa, Geovana Oliveira, Carlos Ferreira, and Leonardo Rocha. 2025. Narrativas de Jogos de Azar em Plataformas de Vídeo: Um Estudo Linguístico-Temático sobre o jogo do Tigrinho no YouTube. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 366–375.
L.E. Raileanu and K. Stoffel. 2004. Theoretical Comparison between the Gini Index and Information Gain Criteria. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence 41 (2004), 77–93. DOI: 10.1023/B:AMAI.0000018580.96245.c6
Melanie Revilla and Carlos Ochoa. 2017. Ideal and maximum length for a web survey. International Journal of Market Research 59, 5 (2017), 557–565.
Manoel Horta Ribeiro, Raphael Ottoni, Robert West, Virgílio A. F. Almeida, and Wagner Meira Jr. 2019. Auditing Radicalization Pathways on YouTube. CoRR abs/1908.08313 (2019). arXiv:1908.08313 [link]
Peter J Rousseeuw. 1987. Silhouettes: a graphical aid to the interpretation and validation of cluster analysis. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 20 (1987).
Miriam Schirmer, Angelina Voggenreiter, and Jürgen Pfeffer. 2024. More Skin, More Likes! Measuring Child Exposure and User Engagement on TikTok. arXiv:2408.05622 [cs.CY] [link]
Miriam Schirmer, Angelina Voggenreiter, Jürgen Pfeffer, and Agnes Horvat. 2025. Detecting child objectification on social media: Challenges in language modeling. In Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH). 396–412.
Cristian A. Silva and Daniel M. Barbosa. 2019. Analyzing the Acceptance of the 2018 Brazilian Presidential Election’ Main Candidates Based on YouTube Comments. In Proceedings of the 25th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (Rio de Janeiro). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 377–384. [link]
Alethea Sommer, Angélica Sassi, Bruna Nardon, Márcio Von Diemen, Rafaela Kunrath, Greice Carvalho, and Henrique Alexander Keske. 2026. ACELERANDO A INFÂNCIA NO MEIO DIGITAL: IMPACTOS PSICOLÓGICOS DA ADULTIZAÇÃO EM CRIANÇAS. Periódicos Brasil. Pesquisa Científica 5, 2 (2026), 920–942.
Fábio Souza, Rodrigo Nogueira, and Roberto Lotufo. 2020. BERTimbau: pretrained BERT models for Brazilian Portuguese. In Brazilian conference on intelligent systems. Springer, 403–417.
Di "Chelsea"Sun, Vaishnavi Melkote, and Ahmed Sabbir Arif. 2020. Exploratory study of young children’s social media needs and requirements. In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Interaction Design and Children Conference: Extended Abstracts (London, United Kingdom) (IDC ’20). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 332–337. DOI: 10.1145/3397617.3397836
Richardy Tanure, Aline Dias, Lucas Camelo, Jussara Almeida, Helen Lima, and Carlos Ferreira. 2025. Caracterização do debate online sobre cigarro eletrônico no Brasil: Uma análise de tópicos de discussão no YouTube. In Anais do XIV Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining (Maceió/AL). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 54–64. DOI: 10.5753/brasnam.2025.8544
Alper Kursat Uysal and Serkan Gunal. 2014. The impact of preprocessing on text classification. Information processing & management 50, 1 (2014), 104–112.
Karen Verswijvel, Michel Walrave, Kris Hardies, and Wannes Heirman. 2019. Sharenting, is it a good or a bad thing? Understanding how adolescents think and feel about sharenting on social network sites. Children and Youth Services Review 104 (2019), 104401. DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104401
Caroline Violot, Tuğrulcan Elmas, Igor Bilogrevic, and Mathias Humbert. 2024. Shorts vs. Regular Videos on YouTube: A Comparative Analysis of User Engagement and Content Creation Trends. In Proceedings of the 16th ACM Web Science Conference (Stuttgart, Germany) (WEBSCI ’24). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 213–223. DOI: 10.1145/3614419.3644023
Nahathai Wongpakaran, Tinakon Wongpakaran, Danny Wedding, and Kilem L Gwet. 2013. A comparison of Cohen’s Kappa and Gwet’s AC1 when calculating inter-rater reliability coefficients: a study conducted with personality disorder samples. BMC medical research methodology 13, 1 (2013), 61.
Niloofar Yousefi, Mert Can Cakmak, and Nitin Agarwal. 2024. Examining Multimodel Emotion Assessment and Resonance with Audience on YouTube. In Proceedings of the 2024 9th International Conference on Multimedia and Image Processing (Osaka, Japan) (ICMIP ’24). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 85–93. DOI: 10.1145/3665026.3665039
Ye Yuan, Liji Wu, and Xiangmin Zhang. 2021. Gini-Impurity Index Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 16 (2021), 3154–3169.
Publicado
27/10/2026
Como Citar
SOUZA, Ester et al.
Adultização Infantil e Regulação Digital: Uma Análise do Debate sobre a Lei nº 15.211/2025 no YouTube. In: BRAZILIAN SYMPOSIUM ON MULTIMEDIA AND THE WEB (WEBMEDIA), 32. , 2026, Lavras/MG.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2026
.
p. 56-65.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/webmedia.2026.30367.
