Mapeando Pontes da Misoginia: Comunidades Temáticas e Circulação Tóxica no Reddit
Resumo
Misogynistic online communities are rarely isolated spaces. Rather, they are embedded in broader thematic ecosystems through which toxic narratives and gendered hostility may circulate beyond explicitly extremist forums. In this paper, we investigate how manosphere-related discourse spreads on Reddit and how users aligned with pro- and anti-manosphere communities navigate adjacent thematic spaces. Our analysis combines semantic topic modeling, multidimensional toxicity assessment, and co-authorship network expansion across more than 500,000 posts from more than 1,700 subreddits. Starting from 1,000 seed subreddits identified through manosphere vocabulary, we characterize the thematic environments in which this lexicon appears and measure toxicity across these contexts. We then isolate 83 highly immersed communities and trace the peripheral diasporas of ideologically opposed pro- and anti-manosphere groups. The results show that manosphere vocabulary spreads across a broad polythematic ecosystem in which discussions about gender, sexuality, and affective relationships concentrate the highest toxicity levels. We also find distinct peripheral trajectories: pro-manosphere users circulate through 167 exclusive subreddits associated with self-improvement and individual performance, whereas anti-manosphere users reach 697 exclusive subreddits more strongly connected to social support, identity, and collective engagement. We identify 26 shared subreddits operating as intersection zones where ideologically opposed users coexist and where toxicity remains high. These findings frame misogyny on Reddit as a distributed and relational phenomenon structured by thematic bridges, user mobility, and conflict zones.
Palavras-chave:
misogyny, manosphere, toxic discourse, online communities
Referências
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Paula Fortuna, Juan Soler, and Leo Wanner. 2020. Toxic, hateful, offensive or abusive? What are we detecting? An expert survey. In Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. European Language Resources Association (ELRA), Marseille, France, 6799–6808.
Tiana Gaudette, Ryan Scrivens, Garth Davies, and Richard Frank. 2021. Upvoting extremism: Collective identity formation and the extreme right on Reddit. New Media & Society 23, 12 (2021), 3491–3508.
Yingqiang Ge, Shuya Zhao, Honglu Zhou, Changhua Pei, Fei Sun, Wenwu Ou, and Yongfeng Zhang. 2020. Understanding echo chambers in e-commerce recommender systems. In Proceedings of the 43rd international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval. 2261–2270.
Debbie Ging. 2019. Alphas, betas, and incels: Theorizing the masculinities of the manosphere. Men and masculinities 22, 4 (2019), 638–657.
Maarten Grootendorst. 2022. BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure. arXiv:2203.05794 (2022).
Laura Hanu and Unitary team. 2020. Detoxify. Github. [link].
Alexander Hoyle, Pranav Goel, Andrew Hian-Cheong, Denis Peskov, Jordan Boyd-Graber, and Philip Resnik. 2021. Is automated topic model evaluation broken? the incoherence of coherence. Advances in neural information processing systems 34 (2021), 2018–2033.
Callum Jones, Verity Trott, and Scott Wright. 2020. Sluts and soyboys: MGTOW and the production of misogynistic online harassment. New media & society 22, 10 (2020), 1903–1921.
Alexandra Krendel. 2020. The men and women, guys and girls of the ‘manosphere’: A corpus-assisted discourse approach. Discourse & Society 31, 6 (2020), 607–630.
Jack LaViolette and Bernie Hogan. 2019. Using platform signals for distinguishing discourses: The case of men’s rights and men’s liberation on Reddit. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol. 13. 323–334.
Alyssa Lees, Vinh Q. Tran, Yi Tay, Jeffrey Sorensen, Jai Gupta, Donald Metzler, and Lucy Vasserman. 2022. A New Generation of Perspective API: Efficient Multilingual Character-level Transformers. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (Washington DC, USA) (KDD ’22). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3197–3207. DOI: 10.1145/3534678.3539147
Lucas Licurgo, Ghabriel Souza, Pedro de Morais, Fabio Malini, Giovanni Comarela, and Athus Cavalini. 2025. Discourse Dynamics on X and Bluesky Amid Brazil’s 2024 Environmental and Political-Digital Crises. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 540–544.
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Ana Cláudia Machado, Gabriel Prenassi, Elisa Tuler, and Leonardo Rocha. 2025. Análise Aprimorada das Percepções dos Usuários por Meio de Abordagens de Processamento de Linguagem Natural. In Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web (WebMedia). SBC, 33–36.
Robin Mamié, Manoel Horta Ribeiro, and Robert West. 2021. Are anti-feminist communities gateways to the far right? Evidence from Reddit and YouTube. In Proceedings of the 13th ACM Web Science Conference 2021. 139–147.
Marta Marchiori Manerba, Riccardo Guidotti, Lucia Passaro, and Salvatore Ruggieri. 2022. Bias discovery within human raters: A case study of the jigsaw dataset. In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Perspectivist Approaches to NLP@ LREC2022. 26–31.
Victor Martins, Sophia Eduarda V Serafim, Lívia Caroline R Pereira, Amanda F Alves, Carlos HG Ferreira, and Jussara M Almeida. 2025. A Misoginia no YouTube Brasileiro: Um Estudo de Caso sobre o Conteúdo Produzido pela Comunidade Red Pill. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 28–37.
Adrienne Massanari. 2017. # Gamergate and The Fappening: How Reddit’s algorithm, governance, and culture support toxic technocultures. New media & society 19, 3 (2017), 329–346.
David Mimno, Hanna Wallach, Edmund Talley, Miriam Leenders, and Andrew McCallum. 2011. Optimizing semantic coherence in topic models. In Proc. EMNLP ’11.
Joseph B Mountford. 2018. Topic modeling the red pill. Social Sciences 7, 3 (2018), 42.
Yida Mu, Mali Jin, Xingyi Song, and Nikolaos Aletras. 2024. Enhancing data quality through simple de-duplication: Navigating responsible computational social science research. In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. 12477–12492.
Francisco Assis Ricarte Neto, Rafael Torres Anchiêta, Raimundo Santos Moura, Pedro de A dos Santos Neto, and Andre Macedo Santana. 2025. Investigating Contextual Word Embeddings in Semi-Supervised Learning for Toxic Comment Detection. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 321–330.
Tien T Nguyen, Pik-Mai Hui, F Maxwell Harper, Loren Terveen, and Joseph A Konstan. 2014. Exploring the filter bubble: the effect of using recommender systems on content diversity. In Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on World wide web. 677–686.
Antônio Pereira, Felipe Viegas, Marcos André Gonçalves, and Leonardo Rocha. 2023. Evaluating the limits of the current evaluation metrics for topic modeling. In Proceedings of the 29th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web. 119–127.
Giovana Piorino, Luiz Henrique Quevedo Lima, Adriana Silvina Pagano, and Ana Paula Couto da Silva. 2025. Toxicidade e Gatilhos: Um Estudo de Caso em Comunidades do Reddit no Brasil. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 575–579.
Giovana Piorino, Vitor Moreira, Luiz Henrique Quevedo Lima, Adriana Silvina Pagano, and Ana Paula Couto da Silva. 2024. Análise de sentimentos de conteúdo compartilhado em comunidades brasileiras do Reddit: Avaliação de um conjunto de dados rotulados por humanos. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 54–62.
PullPush. 2025. PullPush Reddit API Documentation. [link] Accessed: 2026-06-02.
Manoel Horta Ribeiro, Jeremy Blackburn, Barry Bradlyn, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Gianluca Stringhini, Summer Long, Stephanie Greenberg, and Savvas Zannettou. 2021. The evolution of the manosphere across the web. In Proceedings of the international AAAI conference on web and social media, Vol. 15. 196–207.
Patrick Riehmann, Manfred Hanfler, and Bernd Froehlich. 2005. Interactive sankey diagrams. In IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2005. INFOVIS 2005. IEEE, 233–240.
Peter J Rousseeuw. 1987. Silhouettes: a graphical aid to the interpretation and validation of cluster analysis. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 20 (1987).
Giuseppe Russo, Manoel Horta Ribeiro, and Robert West. 2024. Stranger danger! cross-community interactions with fringe users increase the growth of fringe communities on reddit. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol. 18. 1342–1353.
Joni Salminen, Sercan Sengün, Juan Corporan, Soon-gyo Jung, and Bernard J Jansen. 2020. Topic-driven toxicity: Exploring the relationship between online toxicity and news topics. PloS one 15, 2 (2020), e0228723.
Dagmara Solska and Jan Sawicki. 2024. Decoding gender bias through a textual exploration of Reddit/r/MensRights community. Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching 21/1 (2024), 167–202.
Fernanda Luiza Tobias and Ana Paula Couto da Silva. 2025. Análise Linguística de Comentários de Humanos e de Modelos de Linguagem a Postagens em Comunidades Brasileiras do Reddit. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 521–525.
UN Women. 2024. Glossary: The manosphere. [link] Accessed: 09 de junho de 2026.
Alper Kursat Uysal and Serkan Gunal. 2014. The impact of preprocessing on text classification. Information processing & management 50, 1 (2014), 104–112.
A Bhuvaneswari, M Kumudha, et al. 2024. Topic Modeling Based Clustering of Disaster Tweets Using BERTopic. In 2024 MIT Art, Design and Technology School of Computing International Conference (MITADTSoCiCon). IEEE, 1–6.
Alexis Conneau, Kartikay Khandelwal, Naman Goyal, Vishrav Chaudhary, Guillaume Wenzek, Francisco Guzmán, Edouard Grave, Myle Ott, Luke Zettlemoyer, and Veselin Stoyanov. 2020. Unsupervised cross-lingual representation learning at scale. In Proceedings of the 58th annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics. 8440–8451.
Gustavo F Cunha and Ana Paula Couto da Silva. 2024. Caracterizando polarização em redes sociais: Um estudo de caso das discussões no reddit sobre as eleições brasileiras de 2018 e 2022. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 365–369.
Tracie Farrell, Miriam Fernandez, Jakub Novotny, and Harith Alani. 2019. Exploring misogyny across the manosphere in reddit. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM conference on web science. 87–96.
Paula Fortuna, Juan Soler, and Leo Wanner. 2020. Toxic, hateful, offensive or abusive? What are we detecting? An expert survey. In Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. European Language Resources Association (ELRA), Marseille, France, 6799–6808.
Tiana Gaudette, Ryan Scrivens, Garth Davies, and Richard Frank. 2021. Upvoting extremism: Collective identity formation and the extreme right on Reddit. New Media & Society 23, 12 (2021), 3491–3508.
Yingqiang Ge, Shuya Zhao, Honglu Zhou, Changhua Pei, Fei Sun, Wenwu Ou, and Yongfeng Zhang. 2020. Understanding echo chambers in e-commerce recommender systems. In Proceedings of the 43rd international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval. 2261–2270.
Debbie Ging. 2019. Alphas, betas, and incels: Theorizing the masculinities of the manosphere. Men and masculinities 22, 4 (2019), 638–657.
Maarten Grootendorst. 2022. BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure. arXiv:2203.05794 (2022).
Laura Hanu and Unitary team. 2020. Detoxify. Github. [link].
Alexander Hoyle, Pranav Goel, Andrew Hian-Cheong, Denis Peskov, Jordan Boyd-Graber, and Philip Resnik. 2021. Is automated topic model evaluation broken? the incoherence of coherence. Advances in neural information processing systems 34 (2021), 2018–2033.
Callum Jones, Verity Trott, and Scott Wright. 2020. Sluts and soyboys: MGTOW and the production of misogynistic online harassment. New media & society 22, 10 (2020), 1903–1921.
Alexandra Krendel. 2020. The men and women, guys and girls of the ‘manosphere’: A corpus-assisted discourse approach. Discourse & Society 31, 6 (2020), 607–630.
Jack LaViolette and Bernie Hogan. 2019. Using platform signals for distinguishing discourses: The case of men’s rights and men’s liberation on Reddit. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol. 13. 323–334.
Alyssa Lees, Vinh Q. Tran, Yi Tay, Jeffrey Sorensen, Jai Gupta, Donald Metzler, and Lucy Vasserman. 2022. A New Generation of Perspective API: Efficient Multilingual Character-level Transformers. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (Washington DC, USA) (KDD ’22). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3197–3207. DOI: 10.1145/3534678.3539147
Lucas Licurgo, Ghabriel Souza, Pedro de Morais, Fabio Malini, Giovanni Comarela, and Athus Cavalini. 2025. Discourse Dynamics on X and Bluesky Amid Brazil’s 2024 Environmental and Political-Digital Crises. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 540–544.
Max O Lorenz. 1905. Methods of measuring the concentration of wealth. Publications of the American statistical association 9, 70 (1905), 209–219.
Ana Cláudia Machado, Gabriel Prenassi, Elisa Tuler, and Leonardo Rocha. 2025. Análise Aprimorada das Percepções dos Usuários por Meio de Abordagens de Processamento de Linguagem Natural. In Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web (WebMedia). SBC, 33–36.
Robin Mamié, Manoel Horta Ribeiro, and Robert West. 2021. Are anti-feminist communities gateways to the far right? Evidence from Reddit and YouTube. In Proceedings of the 13th ACM Web Science Conference 2021. 139–147.
Marta Marchiori Manerba, Riccardo Guidotti, Lucia Passaro, and Salvatore Ruggieri. 2022. Bias discovery within human raters: A case study of the jigsaw dataset. In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Perspectivist Approaches to NLP@ LREC2022. 26–31.
Victor Martins, Sophia Eduarda V Serafim, Lívia Caroline R Pereira, Amanda F Alves, Carlos HG Ferreira, and Jussara M Almeida. 2025. A Misoginia no YouTube Brasileiro: Um Estudo de Caso sobre o Conteúdo Produzido pela Comunidade Red Pill. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 28–37.
Adrienne Massanari. 2017. # Gamergate and The Fappening: How Reddit’s algorithm, governance, and culture support toxic technocultures. New media & society 19, 3 (2017), 329–346.
David Mimno, Hanna Wallach, Edmund Talley, Miriam Leenders, and Andrew McCallum. 2011. Optimizing semantic coherence in topic models. In Proc. EMNLP ’11.
Joseph B Mountford. 2018. Topic modeling the red pill. Social Sciences 7, 3 (2018), 42.
Yida Mu, Mali Jin, Xingyi Song, and Nikolaos Aletras. 2024. Enhancing data quality through simple de-duplication: Navigating responsible computational social science research. In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. 12477–12492.
Francisco Assis Ricarte Neto, Rafael Torres Anchiêta, Raimundo Santos Moura, Pedro de A dos Santos Neto, and Andre Macedo Santana. 2025. Investigating Contextual Word Embeddings in Semi-Supervised Learning for Toxic Comment Detection. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 321–330.
Tien T Nguyen, Pik-Mai Hui, F Maxwell Harper, Loren Terveen, and Joseph A Konstan. 2014. Exploring the filter bubble: the effect of using recommender systems on content diversity. In Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on World wide web. 677–686.
Antônio Pereira, Felipe Viegas, Marcos André Gonçalves, and Leonardo Rocha. 2023. Evaluating the limits of the current evaluation metrics for topic modeling. In Proceedings of the 29th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web. 119–127.
Giovana Piorino, Luiz Henrique Quevedo Lima, Adriana Silvina Pagano, and Ana Paula Couto da Silva. 2025. Toxicidade e Gatilhos: Um Estudo de Caso em Comunidades do Reddit no Brasil. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 575–579.
Giovana Piorino, Vitor Moreira, Luiz Henrique Quevedo Lima, Adriana Silvina Pagano, and Ana Paula Couto da Silva. 2024. Análise de sentimentos de conteúdo compartilhado em comunidades brasileiras do Reddit: Avaliação de um conjunto de dados rotulados por humanos. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 54–62.
PullPush. 2025. PullPush Reddit API Documentation. [link] Accessed: 2026-06-02.
Manoel Horta Ribeiro, Jeremy Blackburn, Barry Bradlyn, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Gianluca Stringhini, Summer Long, Stephanie Greenberg, and Savvas Zannettou. 2021. The evolution of the manosphere across the web. In Proceedings of the international AAAI conference on web and social media, Vol. 15. 196–207.
Patrick Riehmann, Manfred Hanfler, and Bernd Froehlich. 2005. Interactive sankey diagrams. In IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2005. INFOVIS 2005. IEEE, 233–240.
Peter J Rousseeuw. 1987. Silhouettes: a graphical aid to the interpretation and validation of cluster analysis. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 20 (1987).
Giuseppe Russo, Manoel Horta Ribeiro, and Robert West. 2024. Stranger danger! cross-community interactions with fringe users increase the growth of fringe communities on reddit. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol. 18. 1342–1353.
Joni Salminen, Sercan Sengün, Juan Corporan, Soon-gyo Jung, and Bernard J Jansen. 2020. Topic-driven toxicity: Exploring the relationship between online toxicity and news topics. PloS one 15, 2 (2020), e0228723.
Dagmara Solska and Jan Sawicki. 2024. Decoding gender bias through a textual exploration of Reddit/r/MensRights community. Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching 21/1 (2024), 167–202.
Fernanda Luiza Tobias and Ana Paula Couto da Silva. 2025. Análise Linguística de Comentários de Humanos e de Modelos de Linguagem a Postagens em Comunidades Brasileiras do Reddit. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 521–525.
UN Women. 2024. Glossary: The manosphere. [link] Accessed: 09 de junho de 2026.
Alper Kursat Uysal and Serkan Gunal. 2014. The impact of preprocessing on text classification. Information processing & management 50, 1 (2014), 104–112.
Publicado
27/10/2026
Como Citar
BRITO, Mateus; BRAGA, Thiago; VASCONCELOS, Naan; TULER, Elisa; DIAS, Diego Roberto Colombo; ROCHA, Leonardo.
Mapeando Pontes da Misoginia: Comunidades Temáticas e Circulação Tóxica no Reddit. In: BRAZILIAN SYMPOSIUM ON MULTIMEDIA AND THE WEB (WEBMEDIA), 32. , 2026, Lavras/MG.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2026
.
p. 299-308.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/webmedia.2026.30389.
