Comparação e Análise de Custo e Desempenho entre Nós de Redes Blockchain Permissionadas e Públicas

• Ronan Dutra Mendonça UFV
• Ericksulino Manoel de Araújo Moura UFPI
• Glauber Dias Gonçalves UFPI
• Alex Borges Vieira UFJF
• José A. M. Nacif UFV

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbrc.2023.423

Abstract

Blockchain is a technology that increases security in relationships between organizations via the auditable and decentralized recording of transactions. Notably, there is growing attention to applications that use this technology. Moreover, the network choice impacts applications’ non-functional requirements, especially performance and cost. This paper investigates the performance and cost impact of blockchain network infrastructure to handle a given workload. First, this article proposed a common network architecture model between public and permissioned networks based on resources per blockchain network peer node. Next, the cost per transaction for applications in this architecture was analyzed considering latencies and minimum costs for network peers, depending on the workload. Finally, experiments performed on the most popular platforms for public and permissioned blockchain networks, Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric, show the scalability limits of these platforms and their trade-offs between cost and performance in the design of blockchain-based applications.

References

Androulaki, E. and et al. (2018). Hyperledger Fabric: A Distributed Operating System for Permissioned Blockchains. In Proc. of the EuroSys Conference.

Baliga, A., Solanki, N., Verekar, S., Pednekar, A., Kamat, P., and Chatterjee, S. (2018). Performance characterization of hyperledger fabric. Proceedings 2018 Crypto Valley Conference on Blockchain Technology, CVCBT 2018, pages 65-74.

Caliper, H. (2019). Caliper. https://hyperledger.github.io/caliper. (Accessed on 09/23/2021).

Choi, W. and Hong, J. W. K. (2021). Performance Evaluation of Ethereum Private and Testnet Networks Using Hyperledger Caliper. 22nd APNOMS 2021, pages 325-329.

Greve, F., Sampaio, L., Abijaude, J., Coutinho, A. A., Brito, I., and Queiroz, S. (2018). Blockchain e a Revolução do Consenso sob Demanda. In Proc. of SBRC Minicursos.

Leal, F., Chis, A. E., and González-Vélez, H. (2020). Performance Evaluation of Private Ethereum Networks. SN Computer Science, 1(5):1-17.

Malik, H., Manzoor, A., Ylianttila, M., and Liyanage, M. (2019). Performance Analysis of Blockchain based SG with Ethereum and Hyperledger Implementations. IEEE International Conference on ANTS.

Monrat, A. A., Schelen, O., and Andersson, K. (2020). Performance Evaluation of Permissioned Blockchain Platforms. IEEE, CSDE 2020.

Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system.

Rimba, P., Tran, A. B., Weber, I., Staples, M., Ponomarev, A., and Xu, X. (2020). Quantifying the Cost of Distrust: Comparing Blockchain and Cloud Services for Business Process Execution. Information Systems Frontiers, 22(2):489-507.

Rouhani, S. and Deters, R. (2017). Performance analysis of ethereum transactions in private blockchain. In 2017 8th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS). IEEE.

Spengler, A. C. and Souza, P. S. (2021). Avaliação de desempenho do hyperledger fabric com banco de dados para o armazenamento de grandes volumes de dados médicos. In Proc. of WPerformance.

Thakkar, P., Nathan, S., and Viswanathan, B. (2018). Performance benchmarking and optimizing hyperledger fabric blockchain platform. Proceedings IEEE, MASCOTS 2018, pages 264-276.

Wang, C. and Chu, X. (2020). Performance characterization and bottleneck analysis of hyperledger fabric. Proceedings International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, 2020-Novem:1281-1286.

Wood, G. (2014). Ethereum: A secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger. Ethereum project yellow paper, 151:1-32.

Xu, X., Sun, G., Luo, L., Cao, H., Yu, H., and Vasilakos, A. V. (2021). Latency performance modeling and analysis for hyperledger fabric blockchain network. Information Processing and Management, 58(1).

Xu, X., Weber, I., and Staples, M. (2019). Architecture for blockchain applications. Springer.

Zhang, L., Lee, B., Ye, Y., and Qiao, Y. (2020). Ethereum transaction performance evaluation using testnets. In Euro-Par 2019: Parallel Processing Workshops, Cham. Springer International Publishing.