Avaliação de Desempenho de Algoritmos de Cifra de Fluxo para Sistemas Embarcados
Resumo
Sistemas embarcados conectados a redes industriais demandam mecanismos de criptografia compatíveis com seus recursos limitados. Este trabalho compara experimentalmente as implementações de referência de quatro cifras de fluxo leves padronizadas, ChaCha20, Trivium, Rabbit e Enocoro-128v2, em uma Raspberry Pi 4, medindo tempo de cifragem, vazão, ciclos por byte e footprint de memória. O Trivium atingiu 598 MiB/s, enquanto ChaCha20, Rabbit e Enocoro-128v2 obtiveram 173 MiB/s, 232 MiB/s e 57 MiB/s. As diferenças são explicadas pelo número de operações por byte de keystream e pelo paralelismo em nível de instrução que cada função de rodada expõe ao pipeline do Cortex-A72.
Referências
Bernstein, D. J. et al. (2008). Chacha, a variant of salsa20. In Workshop record of SASC, volume 8, pages 3–5. Lausanne, Switzerland.
Boesgaard, M., Vesterager, M., and Zenner, E. (2008). The rabbit stream cipher. In New Stream Cipher Designs: The eSTREAM Finalists, pages 69–83. Springer.
Bühler, H., Walz, A., and Sikora, A. (2022). Benchmarking of symmetric cryptographic algorithms on a deeply embedded system. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 55(4):266–271. 17th IFAC Conference on Programmable Devices and Embedded Systems PDES 2022 — Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 17-19 May 2022.
De Cannière, C. and Preneel, B. (2006). Trivium specifications. [link]. Acessado em: 8 mai. 2026.
Khan, S., Ferreira Lopes martins, P. A., Sousa, B., and Pereira, V. (2025). A comprehensive review on lightweight cryptographic mechanisms for industrial internet of things systems. ACM Computing Surveys, 58(1):1–37.
Manifavas, C., Hatzivasilis, G., Fysarakis, K., and Papaefstathiou, Y. (2016). A survey of lightweight stream ciphers for embedded systems. Security and Communication Networks, 9(10):1226–1246.
Nir, Y. and Langley, A. (2018). Chacha20 and poly1305 for ietf protocols. Technical report.
Robshaw, M. J. (1995). Stream ciphers. RSA Labratories, 25.
Silva, N. B., Pigatto, D. F., Martins, P. S., and Branco, K. R. (2016). Case studies of performance evaluation of cryptographic algorithms for an embedded system and a general purpose computer. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 60:130–143.
Vaz, Y. S., Mattos, J. C. B., and Soares, R. I. (2025). Lightweight cryptography for the internet of things: A multi-metric experimental assessment. In 2025 XV Symposium on Computing Systems Engineering (SBESC), pages 1–6.
Watanabe, D., Owada, T., Okamoto, K., Igarashi, Y., and Kaneko, T. (2010). Update on enocoro stream cipher. In 2010 International Symposium On Information Theory & Its Applications, pages 778–783. IEEE.
Boesgaard, M., Vesterager, M., and Zenner, E. (2008). The rabbit stream cipher. In New Stream Cipher Designs: The eSTREAM Finalists, pages 69–83. Springer.
Bühler, H., Walz, A., and Sikora, A. (2022). Benchmarking of symmetric cryptographic algorithms on a deeply embedded system. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 55(4):266–271. 17th IFAC Conference on Programmable Devices and Embedded Systems PDES 2022 — Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 17-19 May 2022.
De Cannière, C. and Preneel, B. (2006). Trivium specifications. [link]. Acessado em: 8 mai. 2026.
Khan, S., Ferreira Lopes martins, P. A., Sousa, B., and Pereira, V. (2025). A comprehensive review on lightweight cryptographic mechanisms for industrial internet of things systems. ACM Computing Surveys, 58(1):1–37.
Manifavas, C., Hatzivasilis, G., Fysarakis, K., and Papaefstathiou, Y. (2016). A survey of lightweight stream ciphers for embedded systems. Security and Communication Networks, 9(10):1226–1246.
Nir, Y. and Langley, A. (2018). Chacha20 and poly1305 for ietf protocols. Technical report.
Robshaw, M. J. (1995). Stream ciphers. RSA Labratories, 25.
Silva, N. B., Pigatto, D. F., Martins, P. S., and Branco, K. R. (2016). Case studies of performance evaluation of cryptographic algorithms for an embedded system and a general purpose computer. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 60:130–143.
Vaz, Y. S., Mattos, J. C. B., and Soares, R. I. (2025). Lightweight cryptography for the internet of things: A multi-metric experimental assessment. In 2025 XV Symposium on Computing Systems Engineering (SBESC), pages 1–6.
Watanabe, D., Owada, T., Okamoto, K., Igarashi, Y., and Kaneko, T. (2010). Update on enocoro stream cipher. In 2010 International Symposium On Information Theory & Its Applications, pages 778–783. IEEE.
Publicado
01/09/2026
Como Citar
SARTORI, Giovanni Schrickte; VENDRAMIN, Ana Cristina B. Kochem; SANTI, Juliana de; PIGATTO, Daniel Fernando.
Avaliação de Desempenho de Algoritmos de Cifra de Fluxo para Sistemas Embarcados. In: WORKSHOP DE TRABALHOS DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E DE GRADUAÇÃO EM ANDAMENTO - SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE CIBERSEGURANÇA (SBSEG), 26. , 2026, Armação dos Búzios/RJ.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2026
.
p. 804-809.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbseg_estendido.2026.28976.
