A sala ao lado: um censo do Rumble e os efeitos de seu bloqueio no Brasil
Resumo
We present a near-complete census of Rumble, a video platform known for permissive content moderation. Exhaustively enumerating its content categories, we assemble a dataset of 17.5 million videos accumulating 91.2 billion views, nearly 393 thousand channels, and around 40 million toxicity-scored comments. Over the past five years, Rumble shifted from hosting viral clips to serving as a vehicle for political commentary, with an audience heavily concentrated in a few channels whose top is dominated by US right-wing creators deplatformed elsewhere. Hostility follows this profile, with 12.6% of comments classified as toxic and concentrated in political discussion. When we compare the same creators across six prominent political channels present on both platforms, comments are more toxic on Rumble in 81% of paired videos (𝑑𝑧 = 0.87), with no corresponding gain in thematic diversity.We then examine the platform’s Brazilian community, a refuge for creators blocked on mainstream services, and the 2025 judicial block of Rumble by Brazil’s Supreme Court, which sharply reduced the community’s activity, with no recovery even after access was briefly restored.
Palavras-chave:
Rumble, alternative platforms, deplatforming, toxicity
ReferĂŞncias
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Max Aliapoulios, Emmi Bevensee, Jeremy Blackburn, Barry Bradlyn, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Gianluca Stringhini, and Savvas Zannettou. 2021. An Early Look at the Parler Online Social Network. In Proceedings of the 15th International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM ’21). 943–951. arXiv:2101.03820.
Aos Fatos. 2024. Canais no YouTube somaram 31 milhões de views mesmo após bloqueio pelo Judiciário. [link] Documenta o bloqueio judicial dos canais de Paulo Figueiredo e outros no Brasil. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Axios. 2022. YouTube permanently bans Fox News host Dan Bongino. [link] Bongino, investidor do Rumble, banido em definitivo do YouTube. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Utkucan Balci, Jay Patel, Berkan Balci, and Jeremy Blackburn. 2024. iDRAMArumble-2024: A Dataset of Podcasts from Rumble Spanning 2020 to 2022. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM), Workshop Track. AAAI. [link]
Utkucan Balci, Jay Patel, Berkan Balci, and Jeremy Blackburn. 2025. Podcast Outcasts: Understanding Rumble’s Podcast Dynamics. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Natural Language Processing for Digital Humanities (NLP4DH). arXiv:2406.14460.
Canaltech. 2026. Rumble voltou a funcionar no Brasil, mas já foi bloqueado novamente. [link] Em fev. 2026 o Rumble burlou o bloqueio do STF trocando endereços IP e foi novamente bloqueado pela Anatel. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
CBC News. 2023. Canadian-founded Rumble rejects British government request on Russell Brand content. [link] YouTube suspendeu a monetização de Brand; o Rumble recusou-se a fazer o mesmo. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Eshwar Chandrasekharan, Umashanthi Pavalanathan, Anirudh Srinivasan, Adam Glynn, Jacob Eisenstein, and Eric Gilbert. 2017. You Can’t Stay Here: The Efficacy of Reddit’s 2015 Ban Examined Through Hate Speech. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (CSCW) 1, CSCW (2017), 1–22. DOI: 10.1145/3134666
CNN Business. 2023. Andrew Tate’s deal with Rumble is worth millions, he has privately said. [link] Tate migrou para o Rumble após ser removido das grandes redes em 2022. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Columbia Global Freedom of Expression. 2025. The Case of the Rumble Ban in Brazil. [link]. Documenta a saĂda do Rumble do Brasil (dez. 2023), o embate entre o CEO Chris Pavlovski e o Min. Alexandre de Moraes e a suspensĂŁo de 2025. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
JĂ´natas H. dos Santos, Julio C. S. Reis, Philipe de F. Melo, JoĂŁo F. H. Olivetti, Thales H. Silva, Matheus GuimarĂŁes, Glaucio de Souza, Marco A. G. Rodrigues, Marcos A. Gonçalves, FabrĂcio Benevenuto, and Cristiano X. Lima. 2025. Caracterização da (Des)Informação das Narrativas sobre Vacinação em Grupos PĂşblicos no WhatsApp no Brasil. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC.
Paula Fortuna and SĂ©rgio Nunes. 2018. A Survey on Automatic Detection of Hate Speech in Text. Comput. Surveys 51, 4, Article 85 (2018), 30 pages. DOI: 10.1145/3232676
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Robert Gorwa, Reuben Binns, and Christian Katzenbach. 2020. Algorithmic Content Moderation: Technical and Political Challenges in the Automation of Platform Governance. Big Data & Society 7, 1 (2020), 2053951719897945.
Maarten Grootendorst. 2022. BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure. arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.05794 (2022).
Hyeon Jeon, Hyung-Kwon Ko, Soohyun Lee, Jaemin Jo, and Jinwook Seo. 2022. Uniform Manifold Approximation with Two-phase Optimization. In 2022 IEEE Visualization and Visual Analytics (VIS). IEEE, 80–84. DOI: 10.1109/VIS54862.2022.00025
Hyeon Jeon, Jeongin Park, Sungbok Shin, and Jinwook Seo. 2025. Stop Misusing t-SNE and UMAP for Visual Analytics. (2025). arXiv:2506.08725 [cs.HC]
Shagun Jhaver, Christian Boylston, Diyi Yang, and Amy Bruckman. 2021. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Deplatforming as a Moderation Strategy on Twitter. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (CSCW) 5, CSCW2, Article 381 (2021), 30 pages. DOI: 10.1145/3479525
Jigsaw (Google). 2017. Perspective API. [link] Serviço em processo de descontinuação; encerramento previsto para dezembro de 2026.
Armand Joulin, Edouard Grave, Piotr Bojanowski, and Tomas Mikolov. 2017. Bag of Tricks for Efficient Text Classification. In Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL). 427–431.
Laura Kurek, Kevin Zheng, Eric Gilbert, and Ceren Budak. 2025. Outsourcing an Information Operation: A Complete Dataset of Tenet Media’s Podcasts on Rumble. arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.19802 (2025). [link]
Shao Yi Liaw, Fan Huang, FabrĂcio Benevenuto, Haewoon Kwak, and Jisun An. 2023. YouNICon: YouTube’s CommuNIty of Conspiracy Videos. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM), Vol. 17.
Lucas Lima, Julio C. S. Reis, Philipe Melo, Fabricio Murai, Leandro AraĂşjo, Pantelis Vikatos, and FabrĂcio Benevenuto. 2018. Inside the Right-Leaning Echo Chambers: Characterizing Gab, an Unmoderated Social System. In Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM). IEEE, 515–522. DOI: 10.1109/ASONAM.2018.8508809
Todor Markov, Chong Zhang, Sandhini Agarwal, Florentine Eloundou Nekoul, Theodore Lee, Steven Adler, Angela Jiang, and Lilian Weng. 2023. A Holistic Approach to Undesired Content Detection in the RealWorld. In Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 15009–15018. arXiv:2208.03274.
Victor Martins, Sophia Eduarda V. Serafim, LĂvia Caroline R. Pereira, Amanda F. Alves, Carlos H. G. Ferreira, and Jussara M. Almeida. 2025. A Misoginia no YouTube Brasileiro: Um Estudo de Caso sobre o ConteĂşdo Produzido pela Comunidade Red Pill. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 28–37. DOI: 10.5753/webmedia.2025.16070
Leland McInnes, John Healy, and Steve Astels. 2017. hdbscan: Hierarchical density based clustering. Journal of Open Source Software 2, 11 (2017), 205. DOI: 10.21105/joss.00205
Leland McInnes, John Healy, and James Melville. 2018. UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction. arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.03426 (2018).
OpenAI. 2024. Upgrading the Moderation API with Our New Multimodal Moderation Model. [link] Modelo omni-moderation-latest.
Érica VerĂ´nica Pereira, Philipe Melo, Manoel JĂşnior, Vitor O. Mafra, Julio C. S. Reis, and FabrĂcio Benevenuto. 2022. Analyzing YouTube Videos Shared on WhatsApp and Telegram Political Public Groups. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). ACM, 28–37. DOI: 10.1145/3539637.3556997
Samuel Lopes Pinto, José Julio Campolina, João Pedro M. Sena, Gabriel Félix, Lucas N. Ferreira, and Julio C. S. Reis. 2024. Caracterização e Predição de Usuários Tóxicos no Twitter/X durante as Eleições Brasileiras de 2022. In Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining (BraSNAM). SBC, 61–74. DOI: 10.5753/brasnam.2024.2515
Poder360. 2021. YouTube derruba canal usado por Allan dos Santos após suspensão do Terça Livre. [link] Canal Terça Livre removido do YouTube por ordem do Min. Alexandre de Moraes; Allan dos Santos foragido nos EUA. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
RAPIDS Development Team. 2023. RAPIDS: Libraries for End to End GPU Data Science. [link] Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Michael Röder, Andreas Both, and Alexander Hinneburg. 2015. Exploring the Space of Topic Coherence Measures. In Proceedings of the Eighth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM). 399–408. DOI: 10.1145/2684822.2685324
Richard Rogers. 2020. Deplatforming: Following Extreme Internet Celebrities to Telegram and Alternative Social Media. European Journal of Communication 35, 3 (2020), 213–229.
Supremo Tribunal Federal. 2025. STF determina suspensĂŁo da plataforma Rumble em todo o paĂs. [link] DecisĂŁo do Min. Alexandre de Moraes (Pet 9.935), referendada pela 1a Turma em março de 2025.
Nicolas P. Suzor. 2019. Lawless: The secret rules that govern our digital lives. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo. 2024. Acórdão — Agravo de Instrumento no 2024.0000404537. [link]. Manteve a desmonetização do canal Monark Talks no YouTube.
Milo Trujillo, MaurĂcio Gruppi, Cody Buntain, and Benjamin D. Horne. 2020. What is BitChute? Characterizing the “Free Speech” Alternative to YouTube. In Proceedings of the 31st ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media (HT ’20). 139–140. DOI: 10.1145/3372923.3404833, arXiv:2004.01984.
Tubefilter. 2021. YouTube Demonetizes Steven Crowder. Again. [link] Crowder, desmonetizado pelo YouTube (2019 e 2021), firmou contrato de exclusividade com o Rumble em 2023. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
JoĂŁo VĂtor Vaz, Fabricio Benevenuto, Jussara M. Almeida, Marcos AndrĂ© Gonçalves, and Marisa Vasconcelos. 2025. Detecção de Discursos Racistas em PortuguĂŞs na Rede Social X. In Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining (BraSNAM). SBC, 228–241. DOI: 10.5753/brasnam.2025.9146
Liang Wang, Nan Yang, Xiaolong Huang, Binxing Jiao, Linjun Yang, Daxin Jiang, Rangan Majumder, and Furu Wei. 2022. Text Embeddings by Weakly-Supervised Contrastive Pre-training. arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.03533 (2022).
Frank Wilcoxon. 1945. Individual Comparisons by Ranking Methods. Biometrics Bulletin 1, 6 (1945), 80–83. DOI: 10.2307/3001968
Ellery Wulczyn, Nithum Thain, and Lucas Dixon. 2017. Ex Machina: Personal Attacks Seen at Scale. In Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW). 1391–1399.
Savvas Zannettou, Barry Bradlyn, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Haewoon Kwak, Michael Sirivianos, Gianluca Stringhini, and Jeremy Blackburn. 2018. What is Gab: A Bastion of Free Speech or an Alt-Right Echo Chamber. In Companion Proceedings of The Web Conference 2018 (WWW ’18 Companion). 1007–1014. DOI: 10.1145/3184558.3191531,
Max Aliapoulios, Emmi Bevensee, Jeremy Blackburn, Barry Bradlyn, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Gianluca Stringhini, and Savvas Zannettou. 2021. An Early Look at the Parler Online Social Network. In Proceedings of the 15th International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM ’21). 943–951. arXiv:2101.03820.
Aos Fatos. 2024. Canais no YouTube somaram 31 milhões de views mesmo após bloqueio pelo Judiciário. [link] Documenta o bloqueio judicial dos canais de Paulo Figueiredo e outros no Brasil. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Axios. 2022. YouTube permanently bans Fox News host Dan Bongino. [link] Bongino, investidor do Rumble, banido em definitivo do YouTube. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Utkucan Balci, Jay Patel, Berkan Balci, and Jeremy Blackburn. 2024. iDRAMArumble-2024: A Dataset of Podcasts from Rumble Spanning 2020 to 2022. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM), Workshop Track. AAAI. [link]
Utkucan Balci, Jay Patel, Berkan Balci, and Jeremy Blackburn. 2025. Podcast Outcasts: Understanding Rumble’s Podcast Dynamics. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Natural Language Processing for Digital Humanities (NLP4DH). arXiv:2406.14460.
Canaltech. 2026. Rumble voltou a funcionar no Brasil, mas já foi bloqueado novamente. [link] Em fev. 2026 o Rumble burlou o bloqueio do STF trocando endereços IP e foi novamente bloqueado pela Anatel. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
CBC News. 2023. Canadian-founded Rumble rejects British government request on Russell Brand content. [link] YouTube suspendeu a monetização de Brand; o Rumble recusou-se a fazer o mesmo. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Eshwar Chandrasekharan, Umashanthi Pavalanathan, Anirudh Srinivasan, Adam Glynn, Jacob Eisenstein, and Eric Gilbert. 2017. You Can’t Stay Here: The Efficacy of Reddit’s 2015 Ban Examined Through Hate Speech. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (CSCW) 1, CSCW (2017), 1–22. DOI: 10.1145/3134666
CNN Business. 2023. Andrew Tate’s deal with Rumble is worth millions, he has privately said. [link] Tate migrou para o Rumble após ser removido das grandes redes em 2022. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Columbia Global Freedom of Expression. 2025. The Case of the Rumble Ban in Brazil. [link]. Documenta a saĂda do Rumble do Brasil (dez. 2023), o embate entre o CEO Chris Pavlovski e o Min. Alexandre de Moraes e a suspensĂŁo de 2025. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
JĂ´natas H. dos Santos, Julio C. S. Reis, Philipe de F. Melo, JoĂŁo F. H. Olivetti, Thales H. Silva, Matheus GuimarĂŁes, Glaucio de Souza, Marco A. G. Rodrigues, Marcos A. Gonçalves, FabrĂcio Benevenuto, and Cristiano X. Lima. 2025. Caracterização da (Des)Informação das Narrativas sobre Vacinação em Grupos PĂşblicos no WhatsApp no Brasil. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC.
Paula Fortuna and SĂ©rgio Nunes. 2018. A Survey on Automatic Detection of Hate Speech in Text. Comput. Surveys 51, 4, Article 85 (2018), 30 pages. DOI: 10.1145/3232676
g1. 2022. YouTube suspende monetização de canal de Monark e do Flow. [link] Acessado em: mar. 2026.
Tarleton Gillespie. 2018. Custodians of the Internet: Platforms, content moderation, and the hidden decisions that shape social media. Yale University Press.
Robert Gorwa, Reuben Binns, and Christian Katzenbach. 2020. Algorithmic Content Moderation: Technical and Political Challenges in the Automation of Platform Governance. Big Data & Society 7, 1 (2020), 2053951719897945.
Maarten Grootendorst. 2022. BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure. arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.05794 (2022).
Hyeon Jeon, Hyung-Kwon Ko, Soohyun Lee, Jaemin Jo, and Jinwook Seo. 2022. Uniform Manifold Approximation with Two-phase Optimization. In 2022 IEEE Visualization and Visual Analytics (VIS). IEEE, 80–84. DOI: 10.1109/VIS54862.2022.00025
Hyeon Jeon, Jeongin Park, Sungbok Shin, and Jinwook Seo. 2025. Stop Misusing t-SNE and UMAP for Visual Analytics. (2025). arXiv:2506.08725 [cs.HC]
Shagun Jhaver, Christian Boylston, Diyi Yang, and Amy Bruckman. 2021. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Deplatforming as a Moderation Strategy on Twitter. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (CSCW) 5, CSCW2, Article 381 (2021), 30 pages. DOI: 10.1145/3479525
Jigsaw (Google). 2017. Perspective API. [link] Serviço em processo de descontinuação; encerramento previsto para dezembro de 2026.
Armand Joulin, Edouard Grave, Piotr Bojanowski, and Tomas Mikolov. 2017. Bag of Tricks for Efficient Text Classification. In Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL). 427–431.
Laura Kurek, Kevin Zheng, Eric Gilbert, and Ceren Budak. 2025. Outsourcing an Information Operation: A Complete Dataset of Tenet Media’s Podcasts on Rumble. arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.19802 (2025). [link]
Shao Yi Liaw, Fan Huang, FabrĂcio Benevenuto, Haewoon Kwak, and Jisun An. 2023. YouNICon: YouTube’s CommuNIty of Conspiracy Videos. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM), Vol. 17.
Lucas Lima, Julio C. S. Reis, Philipe Melo, Fabricio Murai, Leandro AraĂşjo, Pantelis Vikatos, and FabrĂcio Benevenuto. 2018. Inside the Right-Leaning Echo Chambers: Characterizing Gab, an Unmoderated Social System. In Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM). IEEE, 515–522. DOI: 10.1109/ASONAM.2018.8508809
Todor Markov, Chong Zhang, Sandhini Agarwal, Florentine Eloundou Nekoul, Theodore Lee, Steven Adler, Angela Jiang, and Lilian Weng. 2023. A Holistic Approach to Undesired Content Detection in the RealWorld. In Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 15009–15018. arXiv:2208.03274.
Victor Martins, Sophia Eduarda V. Serafim, LĂvia Caroline R. Pereira, Amanda F. Alves, Carlos H. G. Ferreira, and Jussara M. Almeida. 2025. A Misoginia no YouTube Brasileiro: Um Estudo de Caso sobre o ConteĂşdo Produzido pela Comunidade Red Pill. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). SBC, 28–37. DOI: 10.5753/webmedia.2025.16070
Leland McInnes, John Healy, and Steve Astels. 2017. hdbscan: Hierarchical density based clustering. Journal of Open Source Software 2, 11 (2017), 205. DOI: 10.21105/joss.00205
Leland McInnes, John Healy, and James Melville. 2018. UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction. arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.03426 (2018).
OpenAI. 2024. Upgrading the Moderation API with Our New Multimodal Moderation Model. [link] Modelo omni-moderation-latest.
Érica VerĂ´nica Pereira, Philipe Melo, Manoel JĂşnior, Vitor O. Mafra, Julio C. S. Reis, and FabrĂcio Benevenuto. 2022. Analyzing YouTube Videos Shared on WhatsApp and Telegram Political Public Groups. In Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia). ACM, 28–37. DOI: 10.1145/3539637.3556997
Samuel Lopes Pinto, José Julio Campolina, João Pedro M. Sena, Gabriel Félix, Lucas N. Ferreira, and Julio C. S. Reis. 2024. Caracterização e Predição de Usuários Tóxicos no Twitter/X durante as Eleições Brasileiras de 2022. In Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining (BraSNAM). SBC, 61–74. DOI: 10.5753/brasnam.2024.2515
Poder360. 2021. YouTube derruba canal usado por Allan dos Santos após suspensão do Terça Livre. [link] Canal Terça Livre removido do YouTube por ordem do Min. Alexandre de Moraes; Allan dos Santos foragido nos EUA. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
RAPIDS Development Team. 2023. RAPIDS: Libraries for End to End GPU Data Science. [link] Acessado em: jun. 2026.
Michael Röder, Andreas Both, and Alexander Hinneburg. 2015. Exploring the Space of Topic Coherence Measures. In Proceedings of the Eighth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM). 399–408. DOI: 10.1145/2684822.2685324
Richard Rogers. 2020. Deplatforming: Following Extreme Internet Celebrities to Telegram and Alternative Social Media. European Journal of Communication 35, 3 (2020), 213–229.
Supremo Tribunal Federal. 2025. STF determina suspensĂŁo da plataforma Rumble em todo o paĂs. [link] DecisĂŁo do Min. Alexandre de Moraes (Pet 9.935), referendada pela 1a Turma em março de 2025.
Nicolas P. Suzor. 2019. Lawless: The secret rules that govern our digital lives. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo. 2024. Acórdão — Agravo de Instrumento no 2024.0000404537. [link]. Manteve a desmonetização do canal Monark Talks no YouTube.
Milo Trujillo, MaurĂcio Gruppi, Cody Buntain, and Benjamin D. Horne. 2020. What is BitChute? Characterizing the “Free Speech” Alternative to YouTube. In Proceedings of the 31st ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media (HT ’20). 139–140. DOI: 10.1145/3372923.3404833, arXiv:2004.01984.
Tubefilter. 2021. YouTube Demonetizes Steven Crowder. Again. [link] Crowder, desmonetizado pelo YouTube (2019 e 2021), firmou contrato de exclusividade com o Rumble em 2023. Acessado em: jun. 2026.
JoĂŁo VĂtor Vaz, Fabricio Benevenuto, Jussara M. Almeida, Marcos AndrĂ© Gonçalves, and Marisa Vasconcelos. 2025. Detecção de Discursos Racistas em PortuguĂŞs na Rede Social X. In Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining (BraSNAM). SBC, 228–241. DOI: 10.5753/brasnam.2025.9146
Liang Wang, Nan Yang, Xiaolong Huang, Binxing Jiao, Linjun Yang, Daxin Jiang, Rangan Majumder, and Furu Wei. 2022. Text Embeddings by Weakly-Supervised Contrastive Pre-training. arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.03533 (2022).
Frank Wilcoxon. 1945. Individual Comparisons by Ranking Methods. Biometrics Bulletin 1, 6 (1945), 80–83. DOI: 10.2307/3001968
Ellery Wulczyn, Nithum Thain, and Lucas Dixon. 2017. Ex Machina: Personal Attacks Seen at Scale. In Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW). 1391–1399.
Savvas Zannettou, Barry Bradlyn, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Haewoon Kwak, Michael Sirivianos, Gianluca Stringhini, and Jeremy Blackburn. 2018. What is Gab: A Bastion of Free Speech or an Alt-Right Echo Chamber. In Companion Proceedings of The Web Conference 2018 (WWW ’18 Companion). 1007–1014. DOI: 10.1145/3184558.3191531,
Publicado
27/10/2026
Como Citar
MAFRA, Vitor; RIBEIRO, Filipe Nunes; BENEVENUTO, FabrĂcio.
A sala ao lado: um censo do Rumble e os efeitos de seu bloqueio no Brasil. In: BRAZILIAN SYMPOSIUM ON MULTIMEDIA AND THE WEB (WEBMEDIA), 32. , 2026, Lavras/MG.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2026
.
p. 19-28.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/webmedia.2026.30959.
