Mapeamento Sistemático sobre Ética e Segurança em Dispositivos de Internet das Coisas Médicas
Resumo
A Internet das Coisas Médicas (IoMT) está revolucionando o setor da saúde, possibilitando o monitoramento em tempo real de pacientes e promovendo diagnósticos mais precisos. No entanto, o uso crescente dessa tecnologia levanta importantes questões éticas e de segurança relacionadas à privacidade dos dados sensíveis e à conformidade com regulamentações. Este mapeamento sistemático da literatura tem como objetivo identificar os principais dilemas éticos, riscos à privacidade e diretrizes técnicas recomendadas para garantir a adoção segura e ética da IoMT. A análise foi realizada com base em artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2025, extraídos de bases de dados renomadas. Os resultados revelam desafios como a justiça algorítmica, o consentimento informado, o controle sobre os dados e a necessidade de regulamentações mais robustas para acompanhar o avanço da IoMT.
Referências
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Krontiris, I., Grammenou, K., Terzidou, K., Zacharopoulou, M., Tsikintikou, M., Baladima, F., Sakellari, C., and Kaouras, K. (2020). Autonomous vehicles: Data protection and ethical considerations. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM Computer Science in Cars Symposium, CSCS ’20, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Messinis, S., Temenos, N., Protonotarios, N. E., Rallis, I., Kalogeras, D., and Doulamis, N. (2024). Enhancing internet of medical things security with artificial intelligence: A comprehensive review. Computers in Biology and Medicine, page 108036.
Pfitzner, B., Steckhan, N., and Arnrich, B. (2021). Federated learning in a medical context: A systematic literature review. ACM Trans. Internet Technol., 21(2).
Qadri, Y. A., Nauman, A., Zikria, Y. B., Vasilakos, A. V., and Kim, S. W. (2020). The future of healthcare internet of things: A survey of emerging technologies. IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials, 22(2):1121–1167.
Rehman, A., Abbas, S., Khan, M., Ghazal, T. M., Adnan, K. M., and Mosavi, A. (2022). A secure healthcare 5.0 system based on blockchain technology entangled with federated learning technique. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 150:106019.
Saxena, R., Sharma, V., and Gupta, M. (2023). Ethical and social consequences of computer vision and ai-integrated iot technologies in the medical ecosystem. In 2023 International Conference on Advances in Computation, Communication and Information Technology (ICAICCIT), pages 1018–1023.
Shanmugam, B. and Azam, S. (2023). Risk assessment of heterogeneous iomt devices: A review. Technologies, 11(1):31.
Siddiqua Oosman, B. and Dudhe, R. (2021). Review on the ethical and legal challenges with iot. In 2021 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Knowledge Economy (ICCIKE), pages 529–534.
Velmovitsky, P. E., Miranda, P. A. D. S. E. S., Vaillancourt, H., Donovska, T., Teague, J., and Morita, P. P. (2020). A blockchain-based consent platform for active assisted living: Modeling study and conceptual framework. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(12).
Wakili, A. and Bakkali, S. (2024). Internet of things in healthcare: An adaptive ethical framework for iot in digital health. Clinical eHealth, 7:92–105.
Winter, J. S. and Davidson, E. (2022). Harmonizing regulatory regimes for the governance of patient-generated health data. Telecommunications Policy, 46(5):102285.
Wohlin, C., Runeson, P., Höst, M., Ohlsson, M. C., Regnell, B., and Wesslén, A. (2012). Experimentation in software engineering. Springer Science & Business Media.
Wong, R. Y., Valdez, J. C., Alexander, A., Chiang, A., Quesada, O., and Pierce, J. (2023). Broadening privacy and surveillance: Eliciting interconnected values with a scenarios workbook on smart home cameras. In Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, DIS ’23, page 1093–1113, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Zandesh, Z., Ghazisaeedi, M., Devarakonda, M. V., and Haghighi, M. S. (2019). Legal framework for health cloud: A systematic review. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 132:103953.
Zhang, G. and Navimipour, N. J. (2022). A comprehensive and systematic review of the iot-based medical management systems: Applications, techniques, trends and open issues. Sustainable Cities and Society, 82:103914.
Botes, M. W. M. (2022). Brain computer interfaces and human rights: Brave new rights for a brave new world. In Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, FAccT ’22, page 1154–1161, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Chalhoub, G., Kraemer, M. J., Nthala, N., and Flechais, I. (2021). “it did not give me an option to decline”: A longitudinal analysis of the user experience of security and privacy in smart home products. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’21, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Chhetri, C. and Genaro Motti, V. (2022). User-centric privacy controls for smart homes. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact., 6(CSCW2).
Dhinakaran, D., Raja, S. E., Ramathilagam, A., Vennila, G., and Alagulakshmi, A. (2025). Ethical and legal challenges with iot in home digital twins. ICT Express.
Felix, P. (2023). Setor de saúde tem epidemia de hackers – e brasil é um dos mais expostos. Disponível em: [link]. Acesso em: 22/04/2024.
Kitchenham, B., Brereton, O. P., Budgen, D., Turner, M., Bailey, J., and Linkman, S. (2009). Systematic literature reviews in software engineering – a systematic literature review. Information and Software Technology, 51(1):7–15.
Krontiris, I., Grammenou, K., Terzidou, K., Zacharopoulou, M., Tsikintikou, M., Baladima, F., Sakellari, C., and Kaouras, K. (2020). Autonomous vehicles: Data protection and ethical considerations. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM Computer Science in Cars Symposium, CSCS ’20, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Messinis, S., Temenos, N., Protonotarios, N. E., Rallis, I., Kalogeras, D., and Doulamis, N. (2024). Enhancing internet of medical things security with artificial intelligence: A comprehensive review. Computers in Biology and Medicine, page 108036.
Pfitzner, B., Steckhan, N., and Arnrich, B. (2021). Federated learning in a medical context: A systematic literature review. ACM Trans. Internet Technol., 21(2).
Qadri, Y. A., Nauman, A., Zikria, Y. B., Vasilakos, A. V., and Kim, S. W. (2020). The future of healthcare internet of things: A survey of emerging technologies. IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials, 22(2):1121–1167.
Rehman, A., Abbas, S., Khan, M., Ghazal, T. M., Adnan, K. M., and Mosavi, A. (2022). A secure healthcare 5.0 system based on blockchain technology entangled with federated learning technique. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 150:106019.
Saxena, R., Sharma, V., and Gupta, M. (2023). Ethical and social consequences of computer vision and ai-integrated iot technologies in the medical ecosystem. In 2023 International Conference on Advances in Computation, Communication and Information Technology (ICAICCIT), pages 1018–1023.
Shanmugam, B. and Azam, S. (2023). Risk assessment of heterogeneous iomt devices: A review. Technologies, 11(1):31.
Siddiqua Oosman, B. and Dudhe, R. (2021). Review on the ethical and legal challenges with iot. In 2021 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Knowledge Economy (ICCIKE), pages 529–534.
Velmovitsky, P. E., Miranda, P. A. D. S. E. S., Vaillancourt, H., Donovska, T., Teague, J., and Morita, P. P. (2020). A blockchain-based consent platform for active assisted living: Modeling study and conceptual framework. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(12).
Wakili, A. and Bakkali, S. (2024). Internet of things in healthcare: An adaptive ethical framework for iot in digital health. Clinical eHealth, 7:92–105.
Winter, J. S. and Davidson, E. (2022). Harmonizing regulatory regimes for the governance of patient-generated health data. Telecommunications Policy, 46(5):102285.
Wohlin, C., Runeson, P., Höst, M., Ohlsson, M. C., Regnell, B., and Wesslén, A. (2012). Experimentation in software engineering. Springer Science & Business Media.
Wong, R. Y., Valdez, J. C., Alexander, A., Chiang, A., Quesada, O., and Pierce, J. (2023). Broadening privacy and surveillance: Eliciting interconnected values with a scenarios workbook on smart home cameras. In Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, DIS ’23, page 1093–1113, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Zandesh, Z., Ghazisaeedi, M., Devarakonda, M. V., and Haghighi, M. S. (2019). Legal framework for health cloud: A systematic review. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 132:103953.
Zhang, G. and Navimipour, N. J. (2022). A comprehensive and systematic review of the iot-based medical management systems: Applications, techniques, trends and open issues. Sustainable Cities and Society, 82:103914.
Publicado
01/09/2025
Como Citar
VERAS, Amanda; CALLADO, Arthur; OLIVEIRA, Cleitianne; OLIVEIRA, Carina; QUINTINO, Joyce; ALVES, Joseane; ANDRADE, Rossana.
Mapeamento Sistemático sobre Ética e Segurança em Dispositivos de Internet das Coisas Médicas. In: WORKSHOP DE ÉTICA EM CIBERSEGURANÇA - SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE CIBERSEGURANÇA (SBSEG), 25. , 2025, Foz do Iguaçu/PR.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2025
.
p. 513-524.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbseg_estendido.2025.41961.
