The Proceedings of the 5th Brazilian Symposium on Software Quality (SBQS 2006) bring the papers selected and presented in the Vila Velha/ES. In this issue, the proceedings include 30 full papers. These papers were selected through a blind review, from a total of 120 full papers submitted, which implied an acceptance rate of 25%. The event's program committee was coordinated by Ricardo de Almeida Falbo (UFES), and Ana Regina Rocha (COPPE/UFRJ) who organized this volume.